Internal-combustion engine.



L. F. CLARK.

DN TERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED Au'G.2, HHS.

Patented A11 13, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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L. F. CLARK.

INTERNAL comsusnpN ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED AUGJ 191-6.

Patented Aug. 13, 1918'.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 r ZZ; figggl type known as the four-cycle engine. It is the object and purpose of the present lnvention toprovide in a novel construction a" To all it may concern:

ED STATES PATENTOFFIQM tours rnancrs oLAn or WI MINGTON,.nnLAwARnQnssrenon or emanate no mvme A. annnason, or GRAND "lease b t Be it known that I, Lorn-s FRANoIs CLARK, a

citizen of the United States of America, rfein the county of New Castle and State of Delaware, have invented siding at Wilmington,

certain new and useful Improvements In? ternal-Combustion Engines {and I do hereby declare the followin to beafull, clear; and

exact description oi 'the-jinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the artfto wliichlf it appertains to make and use thesameb This invention relates to internal combus tion engines, andespecially enginesfof the means for rotating thepiston of theengine about its longitudinal axis Within its cylinder as said piston reciprocates in the cylinder.

and thepresent invention is concernedwith same, referencemay be had panyingdrawingsinwhich; n c

Figure 1 is a verticalfsection of! an engine in which my invention is embodied; [said section being taken f through the es of ljthe crankshaft. a n a 5 Fig. 2is a vertical section take lthrough the cylinders of the engine and showing the position ofthe pistonin one portion of its travel, substantially at its lowermost point inthe cylinder.

Flg. 3 1s a vlew similarto Fig. piston being. t e i eleva n! i t e ylin le fl Fig. 4 is av verticalsection through the engine transversely ofthecrank shafta Fig. oisfancthe'r; view sim lalflto that shownIinFigs. 2 and 3jwitlrthe pistonin still another position with respect to the syn inder: a

Figs. 6, 7, and 8, are; respectively, horizontal sections taken Q DuthQ linesfi -fioot Fig.5, 7 Of'FigLZ-B and8- 8of Fig 2, a

Specificationof Letters ream. i P

A e t e being provided with a u a t which passes around the wrist-pin. This bearing is of special construction being en: largedandjhavingupper and lower spaced i apart ears Q and 1 O projecting laterally to My former construction isshown in Patent No. 1,106,365issued Augxn; 1914 worm-gear 13 is keyed to the; shaftmeshing 1 shown as separate RAPIDSyMICHIGAN. t

Like parts throughout theseveralwiews the drawings.

crank case 1" is 11 provided having hearings crank shaft carries the usualffiy-wheel 3.

connecting rodffi at itsllower end is shaft, the lower end of this connecting rod journal bearing 8 one side ofthe wrlstpinf and containing rotatably mounted a I .75 along side the connecting rod 6 shown. I i Atits ldweri end anut or other equivalent 9 head 12 is to bear against the underside n offthe earlO gwhilebetween ears 9 and a t :1

i with a' worm} 14:. secured to and rotatable 1 wit L li St-PinY-Y Ats e v 15 covers t e t worm and l protects it from the journal S at. a. a the lower end ofthe connecting rod; 1

bushings in which is substantially fyertical shaft 11: which 9 lies The uppererid Qof shaft 11 isthreaded into Threaded into opposite ownwardly from .yoke 16 in the lower per-1 tion otwhich a I tented A 391918. i a licantsm and astaie e. serialjlfl'd ii flxj a t t crankjeasefacylinder issec11red.. n which a plstonoreclprocates. 1A a a y a n 1 PW connected to the wrist-pin'Z'fofthe crank ;or otherwise suitably secured toja yoke .16 s f interposed between the spaced apart sides ot a a which isfajcylindrical pin 17 on which is placed a block 18. Sides of the block are pins 19 i which extend. ninto bushings 20 carried by the piston 5. i The pins lii are positioned at rightlangles i to pin 1;Zthere .beingprovided in this nan- 3 nor a universaljoint. 1 Ajsleeve 21'projects x i t t v head 22 of the formation U h shown isjlooatednthis nheadibeing carried at h w thevuppergend of the CODIIBCtlDgIOd Sand; (serying as a seat n for conicali roller bearings y 23. which are; interposed between: said head i and a member? 24: located beneath the yoke 16 and in the upperpartbf the sleeve 21. The; sleeve 21 and anember24 are secured in any. suitable manner to j: the yoke 16; and: while: partsymay, if sdesired,be" is ,formed integral therewith. With this con structionfitf is: apparent that the piston makes one reciprocation witheach rotation \Ofrthe crank shaft and at thevsalne-ti1ne the pistonfturnsabout a vertical axis in the cyli 45 c movement of the-piston drawing in a fresh inder. The gearing shown at 13 and 14 is such that with a complete rotation of the crank shaft'theshaft 11 completes one-half of a revolution. In a fonr'c'ycl'e engine two complete rotations of a crank shaft are I,

necessary to carry out the cycle and," accordexhaust gases therefroman inlet port V 26 and an exhaust port 25 areprovided in the lower;-

part ofthe cylinder being covered .at. all

times by thefpiston. 'lhe'pipe may-carry the exhaust g sesaway and'a similar intake pipe (not shown) may be connected between the carbureterfand the inlet port 26.- i The piston is'provided with ports 27,28,-and '29,

' rings as 2 5 in one side which communicatefwithapas- I sage 3O segmental in horizontal section and open at its upper'end through the piston head. The -piston'i s provided with the-usual is common in engines of this character."- e

The operation of the engine is asfollows:

With the piston at the end. of its working stroke, that is, at its lowermostposition in;

' the cylinderand' about to begin an upward As the pistoflrisesit' will as previously de-. y scribed rotate the ports in the side of the .7 movement the intake strokefollows; {In

and exhaust stroke asshownin Figs. 5 and 6, the port 28 in the piston is substantially opposite the-exhaust port 25 in the cylinder.

piston following an upward spiral. path so that ports 28 and' 29 pass bythe exhaust port and all'owthe exhaust gases within the,

cylinder to escape. The position of the piston-at the end of the exhaust strokeis shown in and withthe" continuation of its doing this the v piston travels downwardly rotatingfat the Sametime and exposing the ports 29, and'27 in succession to the inlet 26, the suction produced by the downward I charge o'f the explosive mixture. The piston V I 7 From, t

- ..During-":5the i eon'lpression and escape.

at the completion of the intake stroke is located as shown in Fig. 2( The following stroke of the 'eylinde'r' 'is the compression stroke at the end of {whichfthej charge is ignited in any suitable manner driving the piston downward 11 lts' working-stroke. working strokesports 27, 28, and 29 areopposite the 7 cylinder and no; gases can solid wall T the;

V heforegoi'ng 'itwill be apparent; that this engine? is :of very simple construe tion and 5 comparatively cheap to make, the

"usual valves being eliminated. [Furthermore with: .ar-constriiction 'of' this cha'raeter thetwo strokes of ithe=eylinden'infwhichthe I r 5 greatest force is on the piston namely, that of compression and that after the charge is fired, are borne entirely by'the connecting rod, no stress being transmitted to the shaft 11. The intake stroke is made possible through the'c'onnection of the shaft 11 to the universal joint which is attached to the piston.- Otherwise'the connecting rod-at its upper end might dissociate from the piston,

not being directly connected thereto. I11 the exhaust stroke the resistance to the upward.

movement of.thepistoncaused bythe ex ,haust gases'is imparted -to the connecting rod whlch takes care thereof. Accordingly- 1 V the constructlon s onein which the ma or stresses occurring in -the engine are taken.

care of by the connectingrod and substantially the only work that the shaft 11' has to do is to rotate thep iston as it recipr'ocates in the cylinder. k

I claim 1'. In combination, a piston, a universal o1nt COI1 StI'110i31OI1- earned-by: the piston 1neluding one memberv pivotally connected to the piston and a second member pivotally .connectedto thefirstmember to turn about an axis at.right angles to the axis of pivotal connection of thefirst member to the piston,

;a shaft connected: to and depending from said second member, :a sleeve open at its lower end-depending from the second mem- Lber, a crank shaft, a connecting rod connected. to the crank;v shaft and loosely'entering 1nto the lower endrof the sleeve, the upper conical bearing; surfaces,v tapered rollers interposed between the upper-endof the connecting rod. and lower. side of, the second member, and, means to turn the shaft about its axis on rotation of the crank shaft, substantially as described,

two members, a sleeve open at its lower end and depending from the other member, a

crank shaft, a connectingrod attached at its atits upper end into the sleeve, anti friction bearings between the upper end of theleonnecting rod and the lower side of saidsecond member, a shaft lying alongside the con-, nectlng rod, p ass1ng loosely I through the same at lts'upperend and connecting to said end of the connectingrod' and the lower side 'of-the second member being formed with lower end to the crankshaft and extending I second member, and means operatively connccting the lojw'e'r' end of the shaft to the crank shaft whereby saidshaft is rotated with, the rotation of theicrank shaft. 1

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

' LOUIS FRANCIS CLARK.

Copies of i fitentzm ayi be obtainedrfor'five :cents each; by addressingitneconiunssmfieifl mfg;

:: Washington, DIG. 

